http://dl.gi.de/handle/20.500.12116/24039 2026-07-21T13:31:08Z http://dl.gi.de/handle/20.500.12116/24052 Trading semantically enhanced digital products in electronic markets Maass, Wolfgang; Behrendt, Wernher Schoop, Mareike; Moor, Aldo de; Dietz, Jan Digital products constitute a growing class of economic goods that are increasingly traded via digital networks. In distributed digital networks, it is required that digital products adapt to heterogeneous requirements of electronic markets and subsequent usage environments. Adaptation depends on various kinds of information types that characterise a digital product. In this article we will present a self-describing container model for digital products, called KCO, that integrates characteristic semantic information types (facets) derived from an analysis of electronic market structures. Semantic information supports usage of digital products throughout the whole product life-cycle. During purchase decision phases, facets offer semantically annotated data on the quality and applicability of a digital product while in usage contexts, facets provide data that can be used by content management systems for content processing tasks, such as access control, routing, syndication and aggregration. KCOs allow exchanges between existing heterogeneous application environments on the basis of an open Knowledge Content Transfer Protocol (KCTP) that is part of a general architecture (Knowledge Content Carrier Architecture, KCCA). All architectural elements have been used in three application environments.1 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z http://dl.gi.de/handle/20.500.12116/24053 A policy framework for collaborative web service customization Liang, Haiqi; Sun, Wei; Zhang, Xin; Jiang, Zhongbo Schoop, Mareike; Moor, Aldo de; Dietz, Jan A web service usually serves many consumers, with each consumer having its specific functional or nonfunctional requirements. The web service should be customizable to meet those requirements, as is especially apparent for complex web services with large granularity such as Softwareas-Service (SaS). This paper proposes an approach to facilitating web service customization in the programatical way through the collaboration between service provider and consumer. A specification for declaring web service customization policy is defined based on the WS-Policy framework, through which service provider can declare the service's customization capabilities. A service consumer can make customization requests within the scope defined by the customization policies. The customization requests are raised in structuralized customization directives. A web service consumption process and a supporting framework accompanied with customization policy are introduced accordingly. Finally, a case study is present. 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z http://dl.gi.de/handle/20.500.12116/24054 The role of virtual servants in e-Interaction Lind, Mikael; Salomonson, Nicklas Schoop, Mareike; Moor, Aldo de; Dietz, Jan Internet-based interfaces between organisations and their buyers are becoming increasingly common. Lately virtual servants have been identified as agents to support the customer – supplier interaction. In this paper we investigate the existence of one such virtual servant – Anna at IKEA.com – in a business interaction situation. Anna is regarded as an example of a typical virtual servant of today. Based on pragmatic theories for business interaction we investigate the role of this virtual servant. The conclusion from this study shows that this virtual servant does support the potential / particular buyer in navigating on the company's web-site rather than the realisation of a purchase. 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z http://dl.gi.de/handle/20.500.12116/24050 Active knowledge systems for the pragmatic web Delugach, Harry Schoop, Mareike; Moor, Aldo de; Dietz, Jan As the limitations of the Semantic Web become apparent, the next step – creating the Pragmatic Web – requires active knowledge systems, that have the capability to support practical and complex human interaction and communication. A key ingredient in this effort is a system's ability to respond to events in the real world. The Pragmatic Web would therefore not be merely a knowledge interchange medium; it would actively support humans using that knowledge to accomplish tasks. The main goal of this paper is to show how an active knowledge system can support formal models of human pragmatic communication, combining earlier work on active knowledge systems, formal models of communication acts and formal models of organizational actors. We carry through an extended example illustrating some of these ideas. 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z