Theory of particle swarm optimization: A survey of the power of the swarm’s potential

Abstract

This paper presents a survey on different showcases for potential measures on particle swarm optimization (PSO). First, a potential is analyzed to prove convergence to non-optimal points. Second, one can apply a minor modification to PSO to prevent convergence to non-optimal points by using an easy potential measure. Finally, analyzing this potential measure yields a reliable stopping criterion for the modified PSO.