An Extension to the Keystroke-Level Model for Extended Reality Interactions

Abstract

Nowadays, Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) are acquiring increasing importance. In light of the fact that this is true not only for gaming or entertainment, but also for business and scientific scenarios, such immersive technologies may become as immensely important to us as Web 2.0 did over a decade ago. For such paradigms with rising significance over time, well de-fined guidelines, models, or even standards can be advantageous for enhancing usability. In the 1980s, the Keystroke-Level Model introduced a method with this objective in mind. Also providing developers with the means to efficiently evaluate and enhance the usability of their application in terms of time and effort. In this paper, we present a fist step toward such a model for immersive ap-plications by extending the Keystroke-Level Model. We determine new operators, specific to AR and VR, and after that, providing unit times for each of the new operators by measuring the times it takes to carry out a specific operation as part of a user study.